Film deposition apparatus, method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, and method of coating the film deposition apparatus

ABSTRACT

A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device has supplying a first reactant gas into buffer chamber provided in a reaction chamber of the film deposition apparatus to form a first film over an inner wall surface of the buffer chamber, and supplying a second reactant gas into the reaction chamber to form a second film over a semiconductor substrate.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a Divisional of U.S. application Ser. No.12/175,002, filed Jul. 17, 2008, which is based upon and claims thebenefit of priority from the prior Japanese Patent Application No.2007-188148, filed on Jul. 19, 2007, the entire contents of which areincorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a film deposition apparatus thatperforms film deposition over a substrate, and to a method ofmanufacturing a semiconductor device.

The chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process is known as one filmdeposition technique of the techniques and processes used in themanufacturing process of semiconductor devices. With recent advancementin technology for miniaturization of semiconductor devices, such a filmdeposition technique is required to be capable of, for example,performing film deposition at low temperature and depositing thin filmsof high quality.

An atomic layer deposition (ALD) process has the features that filmdeposition can be implemented at low temperature and film depositionexcellent in step-portion coating capability can be accomplished. In theALD process, two or more different types of reactant gases to be used assource materials of a deposition target film are alternately supplied toa wafer substrate. The gases are adsorbed onto the surface of thesubstrate by one atomic layer or by one molecular layer, whereby filmdeposition is performed utilizing chemical reaction on the surface ofthe substrate.

FIG. 1 is a transverse cross sectional view showing the configuration ofa conventional film deposition apparatus that performs film depositionby using the ALD process. The apparatus will be described with referenceto an example case where a silicon nitride film is deposited.

In a reactor tube 100, a plurality of wafers 102 are arranged in avertical direction at a predetermined pitch with the wafer surfacesdirected in a horizontal direction.

A buffer chamber 104 is provided to an inner wall of the reactor tube100. A nozzle 106 for supplying an ammonia gas, and a pair of electrodes108 for generating plasma are disposed in the buffer chamber 104. Thepair of electrodes 108, are respectively equipped in electrodeprotection tubes 110. The ammonia gas is activated by plasma generatedby the pair of electrodes 108 in the buffer chamber 104, and is suppliedto the wafers 102 through a gas supply opening 104 a of the bufferchamber 104.

Separate from the buffer chamber 104, a gas supply section 112 forsupplying a dichlorosilane (DCS) gas is provided. The DCS gas issupplied to the wafers 102 through a gas supply opening 112 a in the gassupply section 112.

In film deposition, the activated ammonia gas from the buffer chamber104 and supply of the DCS gas from the gas supply section 112 arealternately supplied, and the silicon nitride film is formed over thewafers 102.

In the conventional film deposition apparatus, quartz is used as amaterial for members, such as the buffer chamber, electrode protectiontubes, nozzle, gas supply section, in the reactor tube, and for thereactor tube itself. Sodium and the like are contained as impurities inthe members comprising quartz. When, during film deposition over thewafers, the plasma is generated in the reactor tube 100, the sodium andthe like contained in the quartz member(s) are discharged and, as aconsequence, are adsorbed into the film being deposited. When suchsodium and the like thus discharged is included in a semiconductordevice, deterioration of device properties results.

Generally, in a film deposition apparatus such as described above, aninner wall surface of a reactor receptacle and component membersprovided in the interior of the reactor receptacle are coated with afilm deposited by the CVD process before film deposition over thewafers. The film coating is thus applied for the purposes of, forexample, inhibition of contamination with impurities contained in thequartz members, inhibition of particle occurrence, and improvement offilm deposition stability.

In a film deposition apparatus employing the ALD process, the inner wallsurface of the reactor receptacle and the members in the interior of thereactor receptacle have to be coated with a film deposited by, forexample, the CVD or ALD process as a treatment before film depositionover the wafers. In the example case described above, the inner wallsurface of the reactor receptacle, the outer surface of the bufferchamber, and the surface of the gas supply section disposed in theexterior of the buffer chamber can be coated with the silicon nitridefilm.

However, the inner surface of the buffer chamber and the surfaces of thenozzles disposed interiorly of the buffer chamber are difficult to coatwith the silicon nitride film. This is because, the reactant gasactivated by the plasma discharges from the gas supply opening of thebuffer chamber, and this discharge makes it difficult for the other gas,for example, DCS gas which has been supplied from the gas supply sectionin the exterior of the buffer chamber to flow into the buffer chamber.

SUMMARY

According to an aspect of the invention, a method of manufacturing asemiconductor device includes supplying a first reactant gas into abuffer chamber provided in a reaction chamber of a film depositionapparatus to form a first film over an inner wall surface of the bufferchamber, and supplying a second reactant gas into the reaction chamberto form a second film over a semiconductor substrate.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a transverse cross sectional view showing the configuration ofa conventional film deposition apparatus;

FIG. 2 is an elevational cross sectional view showing the configurationof a film deposition apparatus of an embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 3 is a transverse cross sectional view showing the configuration ofthe film deposition apparatus of the embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing film deposition over surfaces ofinterior portions of a reaction chamber in the film deposition apparatusof the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the results of evaluation of silicon nitridefilms deposited over wafers by the film deposition apparatus of theembodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a transverse cross sectional view showing the configuration ofa film deposition apparatus of another embodiment of the presentinvention;

FIG. 7 is a transverse cross sectional view showing the configuration ofa film deposition apparatus of another further embodiment of the presentinvention; and

FIGS. 8A to 8F are step-wise cross sectional views a semiconductordevice manufacturing method of one embodiment of the present invention.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

First, the film deposition apparatus of the present embodiment will bedescribed herein below with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. The presentembodiment will be described with reference to the case where a siliconnitride film is deposited using an ammonia gas and a DCS gas,respectively, as material gases. The ammonia gas is a reactant gas thathas to be activated by plasma, and the DCS gas is a reactant gas thatdoes not have to be activated by plasma.

With reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, the present embodiment includes areactor tube 12 and a seal cap 14. The cylindrical reactor tube 12includes an opening section at the lower end, and the seal cap 14 sealsthe opening section at the lower end of the reactor tube 12. Thematerial of the reactor tube 12 includes quartz, for example. A sealmember, such as an o-ring, is disposed between the lower end of thereactor tube 12 and the seal cap 14, and the opening section at thelower end of the reactor tube 12 is sealed by the seal cap 14.

A heater 16 for heating the reaction chamber 10 is provided around thereactor tube 12. During film deposition, multiple wafers 18 are heatedby the heater 16.

A holding section 20 for holding the wafers 18 is provided above theseal cap 14 in the reactor tube 12. The multiple wafers 18 are held overthe holding section 20 so that the wafer surfaces are directed in thehorizontal direction on multiple stages along the direction of the tubeaxis.

A discharge opening 22 for discharging gases in the reactor chamber 10is provided to the reactor tube 12. A vacuum pump is connected to thedischarge opening 22.

A buffer chamber 24 is located on the inner wall of the reactor tube 12,for example, along the arrangement direction of the wafers 18 held bythe holding section 20. The material of the buffer chamber 24 includesquartz, for example.

A shower nozzle 26 is provided in the buffer chamber 24. The showernozzle 26 alternately supplies the ammonia gas and the DCS gas asreactant gases into the reaction chamber 10. The material of the showernozzle 26 includes quartz, for example.

A gas supply conduit 28 is coupled to the shower nozzle 26. The gassupply conduit 28 branches to gas supply conduits 30 and 32 that supplythe ammonia gas and the DCS gas, respectively. A valve 34 is provided tothe gas supply conduit 30, in which the supply of the ammonia gas to theshower nozzle 26 is controlled by open and close operations of the valve34. Similarly, a valve 36 is provided to the gas supply conduit 32, inwhich the supply of the DCS gas to the shower nozzle 26 is controlled byopen and close operations of the valve 36. The ammonia gas and the DCSgas are thus alternately supplied to the shower nozzle 26.

The shower nozzle 26 is disposed, for example, along the arrangementdirection of the wafers 18 held by the holding section 20. On the sideof a pair of high frequency electrodes 38 also located in the innerportion of the buffer chamber 24, multiple gas injection orifices areprovided, for example, along the arrangement direction of the wafers 18held by the holding section 20. The gas injection orifices each have asize of several millimeters. As shown by arrows in FIG. 2, the reactantgas, that is, any one of the ammonia gas and the DCS gas, which issupplied to the shower nozzle 26 from the gas supply conduit 28, isinjected from the multiple gas injection orifices.

As mentioned above, the pair of high frequency electrodes 38, which areused for discharging the plasma, are provided in the buffer chamber 24.The high frequency electrodes 38, respectively, extend in the direction,for example, along the shower nozzle 26, and are stored in electrodeprotection tubes 40. The material of the electrode protection tubes 40includes quartz, for example. The plasma for activating the ammonia gas,which is injected from the shower nozzle 26, is generated when highfrequency power is applied by a high frequency power source to the pairof high frequency electrodes 38.

Multiple gas injection orifices 24 a for injecting the reactant gasstored in the buffer chamber 24 are provided, for example, along thearrangement direction of the wafers 18, which are held by the holdingsection 20, in a sidewall portion of the buffer chamber 24 on the sideof the holding section 20. The multiple gas injection orifices 24 a eachhave a size of several millimeters. The reactant gas supplied from theshower nozzle 26 into the buffer chamber 24 is injected toward thewafers 18 from the multiple gas injection orifices 24 a.

The ammonia gas supplied from the shower nozzle 26 is activated in thebuffer chamber 24 by the plasma generated by the pair of high frequencyelectrodes 38. The ammonia gas thus activated by the plasma is theninjected toward the wafers 18 from the buffer chamber 24 via themultiple gas injection orifices 24 a. The activation efficiency can beincreased through the activation of the ammonia gas in the bufferchamber 24.

Further, a shower nozzle 42 is provided in a position outside of thebuffer chamber 24 in the reaction chamber 10. The shower nozzle 42 isthus provided to supply the DCS gas as the reactant gas into thereaction chamber 10. The material of the shower nozzle 42 includesquartz, for example.

A gas supply conduit 44 for supplying the DCS gas is connected to theshower nozzle 42. A valve 46 is provided to the gas supply conduit 44.The supply of the DCS gas to the shower nozzle 42 is controlled by openand close operations of the valve 46.

The shower nozzle 42 is disposed, for example, along the arrangementdirection of the wafers 18 held by the holding section 20. On the sideof the holding section 20, the shower nozzle 42 includes multiple gasinjection orifices.

As described further below, in the film deposition apparatus of thepresent embodiment, before the silicon nitride film is formed over thewafers 18, the process of supplying the ammonia gas from the showernozzle 26 and the process of supplying the DCS gas from the showernozzle 26 are alternately performed. This enables the silicon nitridefilm to be formed over the inner wall of the buffer chamber 24 throughthe ALD process using an ammonia gas and a DCS gas as material gases.The silicon nitride film may be deposited over surfaces of the interiorportions of the reaction chamber 10 by alternately iterating the processof supplying the DCS gas into the reaction chamber 10 from the showernozzle 42 and the process of supplying the ammonia gas into the reactionchamber 10 from the shower nozzle 26 via the buffer chamber 24.

FIG. 4 shows the state where the interior surfaces of the reactionchamber 10 are coated with a silicon nitride film 47 in the processbefore the silicon nitride film is deposited over the wafers 18.

More specifically, an inner wall surface of the reactor tube 12, asurface of the holding section 20, an outer surface of the bufferchamber 24, and a surface of the shower nozzle 42 are coated with thesilicon nitride film 47. Further, in the present embodiment, not onlythe ammonia gas but also the DCS gas can be supplied into the bufferchamber 24. As such, an inner surface of the buffer chamber 24, asurface of the electrode protection tube 40, and an outer surface of theshower nozzle 26 are also coated with the silicon nitride film 47.

A coating method of coating the surfaces of the interior portions of thereaction chamber 10 will be described herein below. In the presentembodiment, the silicon nitride film is formed over the surfaces of theinterior portions of the reaction chamber 10 before the silicon nitridefilm is deposited over the wafers 18.

First, the reaction chamber 10 is heated by the heater 16, and theinterior pressure of the reaction chamber 10 is reduced.

Then, high frequency power is applied between the pair of high frequencyelectrodes 38 located in the buffer chamber 24, to thereby generate theplasma.

Then, supplying the ammonia gas from the shower nozzle 26 in the bufferchamber 24 and supplying the DCS gas from the shower nozzles 26 and 42are alternately performed. The ammonia gas supplied from the showernozzle 26 is activated by the plasma, and the ammonia gas thus activatedby the plasma is supplied into the reaction chamber 10 via the bufferchamber 24. The DCS gas supplied from the shower nozzle 26 is suppliedinto the reaction chamber 10 via the buffer chamber 24.

The timing of generating the plasma may be limited to the timing withwhich the ammonia gas is supplied from the shower nozzle 26.

In addition, in the event of forming the silicon nitride film over thesurfaces of the interior portions of the reaction chamber 10, theammonia gas does not necessarily have to be activated by the plasma whenthe temperature of the reaction chamber 10 is 500° C. or more.

In this manner, after the surfaces of the interior portions of thereaction chamber 10 are coated with the silicon nitride film, thesilicon nitride film is deposited over the wafers 18.

First, the multiple wafers 18 are arranged in the holding section 20 inthe reaction chamber 10.

Then, the wafers 18 in the reaction chamber 10 are heated by the heater16, and the interior pressure of the reaction chamber 10 is reduced.

Then, the high frequency power is applied between the pair of highfrequency electrodes 38, thereby to generate the plasma.

Then, supplying the ammonia gas from the shower nozzle 26 and supplyingthe DCS gas from the shower nozzle 42 are alternately performed. Theammonia gas thus supplied is activated by the plasma, and is theninjected into the reaction chamber 10 through the gas injection orifices24 a of the buffer chamber 24. The DCS gas is injected toward the wafers18 from the gas injection orifices of the shower nozzle 42. In thiscase, the DCS gas may be supplied from one or both of the shower nozzle42 and the shower nozzle 26.

The timing of generating the plasma may be limited to a timing withwhich the ammonia gas is supplied from the shower nozzle 26.

The results of evaluation of silicon nitride films deposited using thedeposition apparatus of the present embodiment will now be describedbelow with reference to FIG. 5.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the results of measurement of the quantitiesof sodium contained in the silicon nitride films deposited over thewafers. In this case, the measurement was performed by using aninductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).

The sample C was prepared by using the deposition apparatus of thepresent embodiment in the manner as described above. More specifically,surfaces of interior portions of the reactor tube 12 and the surfaces ofthe interior portions of the buffer chamber 24 are coated with thesilicon nitride film, and then the silicon nitride film was depositedover the sample wafer with the wafer temperature set to 530° C.

The sample A was prepared in the manner that the silicon nitride filmwas not deposited over surfaces of interior portions of the bufferchamber 24, and the silicon nitride film was deposited over the samplewafer with the wafer temperature set to 450° C.

The sample B was prepared in the manner that the silicon nitride filmwas not deposited over the surfaces of the interior portions of thebuffer chamber 24, and the silicon nitride film was deposited over thesample wafer with the wafer temperature set to 530° C.

As shown in FIG. 5, it can be known that the sample C has a sodiumquantity in the silicon nitride film significantly reduced relative tothe respective sample A and B.

A film deposition apparatus of another embodiment of the presentinvention will be described with reference to FIG. 6.

A film deposition apparatus shown in FIG. 6 has a configuration in whichthe ammonia gas and the DCS gas, respectively, are supplied into thebuffer chamber 24 from shower nozzles 48 and 54 provided independent ofone another in the buffer chamber 24.

As shown in FIG. 6, the shower nozzle 48 for supplying the ammonia gasinto the reaction chamber 10 is provided in the interior of the bufferchamber 24. A gas supply conduit 50 for supplying the ammonia gas isconnected to the shower nozzle 48. A valve 52 is provided to the gassupply conduit 50, in which the supply of the ammonia gas to the showernozzle 48 is controlled by the open and close operations of the valve52.

The shower nozzle 54 for supplying the DCS gas is further provided inthe buffer chamber 24. A gas supply conduit 56 for supplying the DCS gasis connected to the shower nozzle 54. A valve 58 is provided to the gassupply conduit 56, in which the supply of the DCS gas to the showernozzle 54 is controlled by the open and close operations of the valve58.

In the film deposition apparatus shown in FIG. 6, before deposition ofthe silicon nitride film over the wafers 18, supplying the ammonia gasfrom the shower nozzle 48 and supplying the DCS gas from the showernozzle 54 and the shower nozzle 42 are alternately performed. Thereby,the silicon nitride film is deposited over the surfaces of the interiorportions of the buffer chamber 24.

A film deposition apparatus of a further embodiment of the presentinvention will be described herein below.

In regard to the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, the configuration is shownand described in which the ammonia gas and the DCS gas are alternatelysupplied to the shower nozzle 26. However, as shown in FIG. 7, a silanegas may be supplied thereto instead of the DCS gas. In this case, asilicon-based film can be deposited over the surfaces of the interiorportions of the buffer chamber 24 using a silane gas as a reactant gas.In this case, the silicone film is any one of a polysilicon film and anamorphous silicon film.

After the surfaces of the interior portions of the reaction chamber 10inclusive of the surfaces of the interior portions of the buffer chamber24 have been coated with the silicon-based film, the silicon nitridefilm is deposited over the wafers 18 using the ammonia gas and the DCSgas as the material gases.

In the configuration shown in FIG. 7, the ammonia gas and the silane gasare alternately supplied into the buffer chamber 24 from the singleshower nozzle 26 provided in the buffer chamber 24. However, the ammoniagas and the silane gas do not necessarily have to be supplied from thesingle shower nozzle 26. Similarly as the configuration shown in FIG. 6,the configuration of FIG. 7 may be such that the ammonia gas and thesilane gas are supplied into the buffer chamber 24 from shower nozzlesprovided independent of one another in the buffer chamber 24.

FIGS. 8A to 8F are in-process cross sectional views showing a method ofmanufacturing a semiconductor device.

A case in which a silicon nitride film 72 is formed over sidewallportions of a gate electrode 66 of a metal-insulator semiconductor (MIS)transistor by use of the film deposition apparatuses shown in any one ofFIGS. 3, 6, and 7 will be described herein below.

With reference to FIG. 8A, device isolation regions 62 are formed in asemiconductor substrate 60 formed of, for example, silicon, by using aprocess such as a shallow trench isolation (STI) process.

Then, a gate insulation film 64 formed of, for example, a silicon oxidefilm is formed over the semiconductor substrate 60 by using a processsuch as a thermal oxidization process.

Then, for example, a polysilicon film is deposited over the gateinsulation film 64 by the CVD process, and the polysilicon film ispatterned. Thereby, a gate electrode 66 is formed.

Then, with reference to FIG. 8B, impurity materials are implanted intothe semiconductor substrate 60 at both sides of the gate electrode 66with the gate electrode 66 being used as a mask by using, for example,an ion implantation process. Thereby, impurity diffusion regions 68,which are extension regions, are formed.

Subsequently, with reference to FIG. 8C, a silicon oxide film 70 isformed over the overall surface by the CVD process, for example.

Subsequently, with reference to FIG. 8D, the silicon nitride film 72 isdeposited over the silicon oxide film 70 by use of the film depositionapparatus shown in any one of FIGS. 3, 6, and 7.

In this case, as described above, before deposition of the siliconnitride film 72 over the silicon nitride film 72 by the ALD process, thesilicon nitride film is deposited over surfaces of the interior portionsof the reaction chamber 10 inclusive of the surfaces of the interiorportions of the buffer chamber 24.

Subsequently, with reference to FIG. 8E, anisotropic etching of thesilicon nitride film 72 and the silicon oxide film 70 is performed by,for example, a reactive ion etching (RIE) process. Thereby, sidewallspacers 74 inclusive of the silicon oxide film 70 and the siliconnitride film 72 are formed over the sidewall of the gate electrode 66.

Then, by use of the gate electrode 66 and the sidewall spacers 74 asmasks, impurity materials are implanted into the semiconductor substrate60 at both sides of the gate electrode 66 and the sidewall spacers 74 byusing the ion implantation process, for example. Thereby, impuritydiffusion regions 76, which will form source/drain regions, are formed.

Subsequently, with reference to FIG. 8F, the impurity diffusion regions68 and 76 are applied to a heat treatment, thereby to activateimpurities contained in the impurity diffusion regions 68 and 76.

Thus, according to the present embodiment, as the insulation film, whichconstitutes the sidewall spacers 74, the silicon nitride film 72 isformed by using the film deposition apparatus shown in any one of FIGS.3, 6, and 7.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above,but can be enforced in various modified embodiments.

For example, while each of the embodiments has been described withreference to the example case of deposition of the silicon nitride film,the present invention is adaptable to the case of deposition of variousother films.

For example, the present invention can be adapted even in the case ofdeposition of an aluminum oxide film.

As material gases in the case of deposition of the aluminum oxide film,an oxygen gas, which is a reactant gas necessary to be activated by theplasma, and a trimethylaluminum gas which is a reactant gas unnecessaryto be activated by the plasma, are used.

Even in this case, the configuration of the film deposition apparatus isformed as in the FIGS. 3, 6, and 7 to make it possible to supply theoxygen gas and the trimethylaluminum into the buffer chamber 24. In thiscase, in the process of coating the surfaces of the interior portions ofthe reaction chamber 10, which process is performed as the process ofpre-deposition over the wafers 18, coating are applied over the surfacesof the interior portions of the reaction chamber 10 inclusive of thesurfaces of the interior portions of the buffer chamber 24.

Alternatively, the film deposition apparatus may be configured similarlyas that of FIG. 7 to supply the silane gas into the buffer chamber 24.In this case, in the process of coating the surfaces of the interiorportions of the reaction chamber 10, which process is performed as theprocess of pre-deposition over the wafers 18, the silicon-based film isdeposited over the surfaces of the interior portions of the reactionchamber 10 inclusive of the surfaces of the interior portions of thebuffer chamber 24. In this case, the silicon-based film is deposited bythe CVD process with the silane gas being used as a material gas.

Further, in conjunction with FIGS. 3 and 6, description has been madereferring to the example case of using the DCS gas as the reactant gas,which acts as a silicon source of the silicon nitride film. However, anyone of gases other than the DCS gas, such as a hexadichlorosilane gas,tetrachlorosilane gas, and bis-tertiary-butylaminosilane gas, may beused, for example. In addition, while each of the embodiments has beendescribed with reference to the example case where the ammonia gas isused as the reactant gas, which acts as a nitrogen source of the siliconnitride film, any one of gases other than the ammonia gas, such as ahydrazine gas, may be used, for example.

Further, in conjunction with FIG. 7, the embodiment has been describedwith reference to the example case in which, in the event of coating thesurfaces of the interior portions of the reaction chamber 10 with thesilicon-based film, the silane gas is supplied from the shower nozzle 26in the buffer chamber 24. However, the deposition may be performed inthe following manner. Instead of the silane gas, any one of silane-basedgases, such as a disilane gas, hexadichlorosilane gas, trisilane gas,tetrachlorosilane gas, dichlorosilane gas, andbis-tertiary-butylaminosilane gas is supplied from the shower nozzle 26in the buffer chamber 24. Then, the silicon-based film is deposited overthe surfaces of the interior portions of the reaction chamber 10 byusing the CVD process with the silane-based gas as a material gas.Thereby, the surfaces of the interior portions of the reaction chamber10 inclusive of the surfaces of the interior portions of the bufferchamber 24 are coated with the silicone-based film.

Further, in conjunction with FIGS. 8A to 8F, the example case has beendescribed in which the silicon nitride film is formed by the ALD processas the insulation film of the sidewall spacers by use of the filmdeposition apparatus shown in any one of FIGS. 3, 6 and 7. However, thepresent invention may be adapted also to deposition of, for example, aninterlayer insulation film, an anti-diffusion film, and an etchingstopper film.

Further, the present invention can be adapted not only to a so-called“vertical-batch type film deposition apparatus,” which processesmultiple wafers in batch, but also to a so-called “single-wafer typefilm deposition apparatus.”

Further, the present invention can be adapted not only to the case offilm deposition over the wafers, but also to the case of film depositionover various substrates or base plates, such as glass plates.

1. A film deposition apparatus, comprising: a reaction chamber housing asubstrate; a buffer chamber provided in the reaction chamber; a firstgas supply section supplying a first reactant gas and a second reactantgas into the buffer chamber; and a plasma generator generating plasma inthe buffer chamber.
 2. The film deposition apparatus according to claim1, wherein the first gas supply section includes a first nozzlesupplying the first reactant gas into the buffer chamber, and a secondnozzle supplying the second reactant gas into the buffer chamber.
 3. Thefilm deposition apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: asecond gas supply section outside of the buffer chamber, wherein thesecond gas supply section supplies a third reactant gas into thereaction chamber.
 4. The film deposition apparatus according to claim 1,wherein the second reactant gas is a silane-based gas.
 5. The filmdeposition apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the film depositionapparatus is an atomic layer deposition apparatus capable of forming afilm over the substrate by an atomic layer deposition method using thefirst reactant gas and the third reactant gas.
 6. The film depositionapparatus according to claim 5, wherein the first reactant gas includesan ammonia gas, the third reactant gas includes a dichlorosilane gas. 7.The film deposition apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the firstreactant gas includes an ammonia gas, and the second reactant gasincludes any one of a dichlorosilane gas and a silane gas.